Research
Research suggests Green Tea Leaf Extract (Camellia sinensis) contains epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and caffeine. This formula provides an excellent source of antioxidants, to help support the maintenance of good health and weight management.7,8,9 Several studies have demonstrated the positive effect of green tea extract on weight management.10,11,12,13,14 Research indicates that green tea suppresses appetite and decreases energy intake, while also exerting positive effects on blood glucose levels.15,16,17A double blind parallel multicenter trial confirmed that consumption of Green Tea Extract lead to a reduction in body fat, systolic blood pressure, and LDL-Cholesterol in just 12 weeks.18
Green tea demonstrates weight management benefits through the synergistic effects of both EGCG and caffeine via various mechanisms, including thermogenesis, fat oxidation, and sparing fat free mass during weight maintenance.19 Green Tea also plays a role in satiety signaling in the hypothalamus.20 Green tea catechins have been shown to inhibit catechol-o-methyl-transferase, an enzyme that degrades norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft. This would lead to prolonged action of norepinephrine, which has an important role in satiety signaling to the central nervous system. 21,22
The combination of caffeine and EGCG present in green tea has demonstrated a greater effect on weight management than caffeine.23The use of caffeine independent of green tea does not have the same effects on 24-hour energy expenditure or fat oxidation.24 The actions of green tea-caffeine combination promote increased metabolism, appetite suppression, and increased calorie burning.19
Green tea supports cardiovascular health by preventing the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Oxidized LDL.
cholesterol can lead to the development of atherosclerosis, a build-up of arterial plaque that slow down normal circulation of oxygenated blood to the tissues.1 Green tea can help lower triglycerides and decreasing platelet aggregation, reduce blood pressure, and reduce inflammatory processes, all involved in the development of cardiovascular disease.25,2,3
Resources
1 Kuriyama, Shinichi. The Relation between Green Tea Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease as Evidenced by Epidemiological Studies. Journal of Nutrition. 2008; 138 1548S-1553S. Available at: http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/abstract/138/8S- I/1548S
2 Maron DJ, Lu GP, Cai NS, et al. Cholesterol-lowering effect of a theaflavin-enriched green tea extract: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(12):1448-53.
3 Jin YR, Im JH, Park ES, et al. Antiplatelet activity of epigallocatechin gallate is mediated by the inhibition of PLCgamma2 phosphorylation, elevation of PGD2 production, and maintaining calcium-ATPase activity. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2008;51(1):45-54.
4 Elobeid MA, Padilla MA, Brock DW, Ruden DM, Allison DB. Endocrine disruptors and obesity: an examination of selected persistent organic pollutants in the NHANES 1999-2002 data. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2010 July 7(7):2988-3005.
5 Hue O, Marcotte J, Berrigan F, Simoneau M, Doré J, Marceau P, Marceau S, Tremblay A, Teasdale N. Increased plasma levels of toxic pollutants accompanying weight loss induced by hypocaloric diet or by bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2006 September 16(9):1145-54.
6 Charlier C, Desaive C, Plomteux G. Human exposure to endocrine disrupters: consequences of gastroplasty on plasma concentration of toxic pollutants. nt J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002 November ;26(11):1465-8.Clinical Toxicology Laboratory, University Hospital, Liege, Belgium.
4Lim JS, Son HK, Park SK, Jacobs DR Jr, Lee DH. Int J Obes (Lond). Inverse associations between long-term weight change and serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants.2011;35(5):744-7.
5 Fang YZ, Yang S, Wu G. Free radicals, antioxidants, and nutrition. Nutrition. 2002 Oct;18(10):872-9.
6 Uttara B, Singh AV, Zamboni P, Mahajan R. Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review of Upstream and Downstream Antioxidant Therapeutic Options. Current Neuropharmacology. 2009;7(1):65-74.
7 Health Canada. Natural Health Products Directorate. Product Monographs. Green Tea. 2008. Available at: www.hc-sc.gc.ca. Accessed May 21, 2015.
8 Yanagida A, Shoji A, Shibusawa Y, et al. Analytical separation of tea catechins and food-related polyphenols by high-speed counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A. 2006;1112(1-2):195-201.
9 Nagle DG, Ferreira D, Zhou YD. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): chemical and biomedical perspectives. Phytochemistry. 2006;67(17):1849-55.
10 Hursel R, Viechtbauer W, Westerterp-Plantegna MS. The effect of green tea on weight loss and weight maintenance: A Meta-analysis. Int J Obes (Lond). 2009; 33(9):956-61.
11 Wolfram S. Effects of Green Tea and EGCG on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health. J Am Nutr. 2007;26(4):373S-388S.
12 Zheng G, Sayama K, Okubo T, et al. Anti-obesity effects of three major components of green tea, catechins, caffeine and theanine, in mice. In Vivo. 2004;18(1):55-62.
13 Phung OJ, Baker WL, Matthews LJ, et al. Effect of green tea catechins with or without caffeine on anthropometric measures: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91(1):73-81.
14 Basu A, Sanchez K, Leyva MJ, et al. Green tea supplementation affects body weight, lipids, and lipid peroxidation in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome. J Am Coll Nutr. 2010;29(1):31-40.
15 Reinbach HC, Smeets A, Martinussen T, et al. Effects of capsaicin, green tea, and CH-19 sweet pepper on appetite and energy intake in humans in negative and positive energy balance. Clin Nutr. 2009;28(3):260-5.
16 Petrie HJ, Chown SE, Belfie LM, et al. Caffeine ingestion increases the insulin response to an oral-glucose-tolerance test in obese men before and after weight loss. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80(1):22-8.
17 Hase T, Komine Y, Meguro S, et al. Anti-obesity effects of Tea Catechins in Humans. J Oleo Sci. 2001;50(7):599-605.
18 Nagao, T., Hase, T. and Tokimitsu, I. (2007), A Green Tea Extract High in Catechins Reduces Body Fat and Cardiovascular Risks in Humans. Obesity, 15: 1473–1483.
19 Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Green tea catechins, caffeine and body-weight regulation. Physiol Behav. 2010;100(1):42-6.
20 Wellman P: Norepinephrine and the control of food intake. Nutrition 2000, 16:837-842.
21 Rossi L, Mazzitelli S, Arciello M, Capo CR, Rotilio G: Benefits from Dietary Polyphenols for Brain Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurochem Res 2008, 33:2390-2400.
22 Josic, J., Olsson, A. T., Wickeberg, J., Lindstedt, S., & Hlebowicz, J. (2010). Does green tea affect postprandial glucose, insulin and satiety in healthy subjects: a randomized controlled trial. Nutrition journal, 9(1), 63.
23 Diepvens K, Westerterp K, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Obesity and thermogenesis related to the consumption of caffeine, ephedrine, capsaicin, and green tea. Am J Physiol Reg Integr Comp Physiol. 2007;292(1):R77-R85.
24 Dulloo AG, Duret C, Rohrer D, et al. Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing 24-h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70:1040-5.
25 Kuriyama, Shinichi. The Relation between Green Tea Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease as Evidenced by Epidemiological Studies. Journal of Nutrition. 2008; 138 1548S-1553S. Available at: http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/abstract/138/8S- I/1548S
26 Maron DJ, Lu GP, Cai NS, et al. Cholesterol-lowering effect of a theaflavin-enriched green tea extract: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(12):1448-53.
27 Jin YR, Im JH, Park ES, et al. Antiplatelet activity of epigallocatechin gallate is mediated by the inhibition of PLCgamma2 phosphorylation, elevation of PGD2 production, and maintaining calcium-ATPase activity. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2008;51(1):45-54.